Analisis Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Dalam Pembelajaran PKN Di Sekolah Dasar: Studi Literatur

Abstract

Civic Education (PKn) instruction in primary schools should encourage students not only to remember material but also to think critically and apply civic values in their daily lives. In practice, PKn lessons are often delivered through explanation and memorization, which limits student involvement. One learning model that can address this condition is Problem Based Learning (PBL), which places real problems at the center of learning. This study aims to analyze the application of PBL in PKn instruction in primary schools. A literature review method with a descriptive qualitative approach was employed, examining six journal articles published between 2022 and 2025. The findings indicate that PBL is consistently reported to improve students' learning outcomes and critical thinking skills in PKn, and to make students more active through its structured stages of problem orientation, investigation, presentation of results, and evaluation. Therefore, teachers need to consider PBL as an alternative model to move PKn instruction beyond memorization toward more active and meaningful learning.