Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi Serat Daun Nanas Terhadap Kekuatan Impact Komposit Hybrid Berlapis Serat Karbon Spakbor Sepeda Motor

Abstract

This study analyzes the effect of varying pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) compositions on the impact strength of carbon fiber-reinforced hybrid composites intended for motorcycle fender applications. The composites were fabricated using the hand lay-up method with an epoxy resin matrix and a carbon–PALF–carbon stacking sequence. PALF compositions of 30%, 50%, and 70% of the total reinforcement fraction were utilized, maintaining a resin-to-fiber ratio of 60:40. Impact testing was conducted using the Charpy method in accordance with ASTM D6110. The results indicate that PALF composition influences the composite's impact strength. The 30% PALF composition yielded the highest values, with an average impact energy of 21.331 J and an impact strength of 0.400 J/mm², followed by the 50% PALF composition (19.782 J and 0.308 J/mm²) and the 70% PALF composition (18.133 J and 0.252 J/mm²). The decrease in impact strength at higher PALF compositions is attributed to uneven fiber wetting by the resin, which weakened the fiber-matrix bond and promoted cracking, delamination, and fiber pull-out. Consequently, the composite with 30% PALF demonstrated the best impact performance. However, further research involving improved control of the fabrication process is required to obtain more accurate and representative results.