Analysis Of Groundwater Utilization Effectiveness As An Irrigation Water Source To Support Agricultural Productivity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70134/ircee.v3i2.2349Keywords:
Groundwater Irrigation, Agricultural Productivity, Irrigation Efficiency, Water Productivity, Sustainable Water ManagementAbstract
Groundwater plays a crucial role in supporting agricultural productivity, particularly in areas with limited access to surface water irrigation systems. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of groundwater utilization as an irrigation water source by evaluating crop water requirements, irrigation efficiency, pumping performance, water productivity, operating costs, and resource sustainability. The research employed a quantitative descriptive and evaluative approach using hypothetical simulation data for a 2-hectare maize cultivation area over a 110-day growing season. Three irrigation management scenarios were compared, representing baseline conditions (S0), improved management (S1), and optimized management (S2). The simulation results indicated a net irrigation water requirement of 6,400 m³ per growing season. Improving irrigation efficiency from 65% under S0 to 80% under S2 reduced groundwater abstraction from 10,000 m³ to 8,000 m³, representing a potential water withdrawal reduction of 20%. Under the assumed scenarios, maize productivity increased from 5.20 to 5.60 tons/ha, while irrigation water productivity improved from 1.040 to 1.400 kg/m³. Pumping energy consumption decreased from 5,000 to 3,680 kWh, and total operation and maintenance costs declined from IDR 9,000,000 to IDR 7,320,000, representing potential cost savings of 18.67%. These findings suggest that integrated irrigation management could improve water use efficiency and operational performance while maintaining crop water adequacy. However, because the results were derived entirely from hypothetical assumptions, the estimated productivity improvements and groundwater sustainability benefits require validation through field measurements and long-term aquifer monitoring.
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