Pendidikan Islam Pada Masa Orde Lama Di Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines Islamic education in Indonesia during the Old Order period (1945–1966), focusing on how state policy, institutions, and Muslim aspirations shaped one another. The research used a qualitative approach with a library research method, drawing on legal documents, books on the history of Islamic education, and relevant scholarly articles. Data were collected through documentation and analyzed descriptively and critically by identifying, classifying, comparing, and interpreting the sources. The findings show that the period was marked by four developments: the establishment of the Ministry of Religion in 1946 as the main institutional patron of Islamic education; the entry of religious instruction into state schools through Law No. 4 of 1950 and its follow-up regulations; the formal recognition and subsidy of madrasahs, including the Compulsory Education Madrasah program of 1958; and the founding of state Islamic higher education, from PTAIN and ADIA to IAIN. However, religious instruction remained optional and weakly integrated into the national curriculum, and the dual administration between the Ministry of Religion and the Ministry of Education kept Islamic education structurally separate. The study concludes that the Old Order laid the institutional foundation of Islamic education within the national system, while leaving unresolved problems of status, quality, and integration.