Pengaruh Pemanfaatan ChatGPT Terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Esai Akademik Mahasiswa Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia

Abstract

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed various sectors, including higher education. One of the most widely adopted AI technologies in academic activities is ChatGPT, a generative language model capable of producing text, providing feedback, and assisting users in composing different forms of writing. The emergence of ChatGPT presents both opportunities and challenges in academic writing instruction, particularly for Indonesian Language Education students who are expected to demonstrate critical, argumentative, and communicative writing skills. This study aims to examine the effect of ChatGPT utilization on the academic essay writing skills of Indonesian Language Education students. A quantitative approach with a correlational survey design was employed. The study involved 120 students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through a ChatGPT usage questionnaire and academic essay assessments based on content quality, organization, argumentation, language use, and citation accuracy. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and simple linear regression. The findings indicate that ChatGPT utilization has a positive and significant effect on students’ academic essay writing skills. The use of ChatGPT helps students develop ideas, organize essays, improve grammar, and enhance textual coherence. However, excessive dependence on ChatGPT may reduce originality and critical thinking abilities. Therefore, the use of ChatGPT should be accompanied by digital literacy, academic integrity, and information evaluation skills to ensure its effective and responsible integration into academic writing instruction.