Pengaruh Pemanasan Global Terhadap Pola Migrasi Ikan Pelagis Dan Implikasinya Bagi Keberlanjutan Perikanan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70134/peraut.v3i1.949Keywords:
Global warming, Pelagic fish migration, Fisheries sustainabilityAbstract
Global warming has become one of the most critical environmental issues affecting marine ecosystems, particularly the migration patterns of pelagic fish. Rising sea surface temperatures, changes in ocean productivity, and alterations in oceanographic conditions have significantly influenced the distribution and abundance of pelagic fish species. This study aimed to analyze the impact of global warming on pelagic fish migration patterns and its implications for fisheries sustainability. A quantitative descriptive-analytical approach was employed using oceanographic data, fish catch records, and information obtained from local fishers. The analyzed variables included Sea Surface Temperature (SST), chlorophyll-a concentration, pelagic fish distribution, and Catch Per Unit Effort (CPUE). The results indicated that sea surface temperatures increased by approximately 0.18–0.32°C per decade during the observation period. This increase led to a migration shift of pelagic fish ranging from 30 to 70 km toward cooler waters. Furthermore, reduced primary productivity resulting from weakened upwelling processes decreased the availability of natural food resources for pelagic fish. CPUE values declined by up to 23% in several fishing areas, while correlation analysis revealed a strong negative relationship between sea surface temperature and pelagic fish occurrence (r = −0.72). These changes in migration patterns have affected not only marine ecological dynamics but also fisheries productivity and the socioeconomic conditions of coastal communities. Therefore, adaptive and ecosystem-based fisheries management strategies are essential to mitigate the impacts of climate change and ensure the long-term sustainability of pelagic fish resources.
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