Assessment Of Tree Species Diversity And Carbon Sequestration Potential In Community Forests Under Agroforestry Systems

Abstract

Community forests managed under agroforestry systems play an essential role in biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. However, comprehensive assessments integrating tree species diversity and carbon storage potential remain limited in many tropical regions. This study aimed to evaluate tree species diversity and estimate the carbon sequestration potential of community forests under agroforestry systems. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed using systematic field sampling. Twelve sample plots measuring 20 m × 20 m were established, and all trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of ≥10 cm were identified and measured. Tree species diversity was assessed using the Shannon–Wiener, Simpson, and Pielou Evenness indices, while aboveground biomass was estimated using the generalized allometric equation developed by Chave et al. (2014). Carbon stock was calculated using the IPCC carbon conversion factor, and carbon dioxide sequestration was estimated accordingly. The results identified 20 tree species belonging to 15 botanical families with a Shannon Diversity Index (H') of 2.87, indicating moderate to high biodiversity. Average aboveground biomass reached 183.74 Mg ha⁻¹, corresponding to a carbon stock of 86.36 Mg C ha⁻¹ and a carbon sequestration potential of 316.94 Mg CO₂ ha⁻¹. Statistical analysis revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.81; p < 0.01) between tree species diversity and carbon storage, suggesting that more diverse agroforestry systems exhibit greater ecosystem productivity and carbon accumulation. Regression analysis further showed that tree species diversity explained approximately 67% of the variation in carbon storage (R² = 0.67).  The main contribution of this study is the integrated assessment of tree diversity, aboveground biomass, and carbon sequestration within community-managed agroforestry forests. These findings demonstrate that community forests under agroforestry management effectively integrate biodiversity conservation with climate change mitigation while supporting sustainable rural livelihoods. Strengthening sustainable agroforestry practices and community-based forest management can further enhance ecosystem resilience and contribute to long-term environmental sustainability.