Perkembangan Teknologi Self-Healing Concrete Dalam Konstruksi Modern

Abstract

Self-Healing Concrete (SHC) is an innovative construction material developed to improve the durability and service life of concrete structures through its ability to autonomously repair cracks. This study aims to analyze the development of Self-Healing Concrete technology in modern construction based on published scientific literature. The research employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The data were collected from 45 scientific articles published between 2019 and 2025 and indexed in Scopus, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, MDPI, Wiley Online Library, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar. A descriptive analysis using narrative synthesis was conducted to evaluate healing mechanisms, technological developments, effectiveness, advantages, limitations, and future research opportunities. The findings indicate that research on Self-Healing Concrete has grown significantly over the last five years. Bacteria-based self-healing concrete is the most extensively studied technology due to its ability to produce calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), which effectively seals cracks up to approximately 1 mm in width. In addition, microcapsule-based self-healing, superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), crystalline admixtures, and shape memory materials have demonstrated considerable potential for enhancing concrete durability. The implementation of these technologies has been shown to improve compressive strength, reduce water permeability, minimize reinforcement corrosion, and extend the service life of concrete structures. Nevertheless, large-scale industrial implementation remains challenging because of high production costs, the absence of standardized testing protocols, and limited long-term field investigations. Future research should focus on developing more cost-effective, sustainable, and practical self-healing systems suitable for widespread application in modern construction projects.