Chain Analysis of Livestock Products at the Smallholder Farmer Level

Abstract

This study analyzes the supply chain of livestock products at the smallholder farmer level to identify its structure, performance, and key constraints. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from structured questionnaires with qualitative information from interviews and field observations. The supply chain was mapped to examine product, information, and financial flows among key actors, including smallholder farmers, collectors, wholesalers, and retailers. Marketing margin and farmer’s share analyses were used to evaluate value distribution along the supply chain. The results reveal that the supply chain is fragmented and dominated by intermediaries, leading to low efficiency and unequal value distribution. Smallholder farmers receive a relatively small share of the final consumer price despite bearing most of the production risks. Limited access to market information, weak coordination among actors, and inadequate infrastructure further constrain supply chain performance. The study concludes that strengthening farmer organizations, improving market transparency, and enhancing logistics and financial support are essential to create a more inclusive and efficient livestock supply chain.