Pengembangan E-Lkpd Berbasis Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Pada Materi Ekosistem

Abstract

One Biology topic that is closely related to real-life problems is ecosystems. However, learning processes that remain oriented toward material delivery and routine exercises may provide students with limited opportunities to identify, analyze, and solve problems systematically. Therefore, learning materials that integrate digital technology with a problem-oriented learning model are needed. This study aimed to develop a Problem Based Learning (PBL)-based Electronic Student Worksheet (E-LKPD) on ecosystem topics and to determine its feasibility, practicality, and potential to improve students' problem-solving abilities. This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model, consisting of five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The developed product was a digital E-LKPD containing ecosystem materials, contextual problems, investigation activities, analytical questions, discussion activities, alternative solution development, and evaluation. Product validation was conducted by material, media, and language experts. The practicality of the product was assessed through student response questionnaires, while students' problem-solving abilities were measured using pretests and posttests. The results showed that the developed E-LKPD obtained an average validation score of 90.19%, categorized as highly feasible. Student responses to the E-LKPD obtained an average percentage of 90.30%, categorized as highly practical. Students' problem-solving abilities in the experimental group increased from an average pretest score of 54.33 to 82.67 on the posttest, with an N-Gain score of 0.62, categorized as moderate. Meanwhile, the control group increased from an average score of 53.87 to 69.40, with an N-Gain score of 0.34. The improvement in problem-solving ability in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. Improvements were also observed in each problem-solving indicator, including the ability to understand problems, plan solutions, implement solution strategies, and evaluate solutions. Based on these findings, the Problem Based Learning-based E-LKPD on ecosystem topics was considered highly feasible and highly practical and showed potential for improving students' problem-solving abilities. The developed E-LKPD can serve as an alternative digital learning material to support active, contextual, and student-centered Biology learning.