Dialektika Makna Qurū’: Studi Ma’ānī al-Ḥadīṡ dan Relevansinya terhadap Kesehatan Reproduksi Perempuan Modern

Abstract

The discourse on the meaning of qurū’ in QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 228 as a determinant of the post-divorce waiting period (iddah) is often trapped in classical lexical debates between the period of purity (al-aṭhār) and menstruation (al-ḥayḍ). This rigid definition frequently overlooks medical realities and the objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah). This study aims to reconstruct the meaning of qurū’ through the ma’ānī al-ḥadīṡ approach to establish its relevance to modern reproductive health issues and the protection of women's rights. This study employs qualitative library research with a thematic hadith method (mawḍū‘ī). The results indicate that: (1) Theologically, qurū’ is a biological cycle indicator personally recognized (ma‘rūf) by women, rather than a rigid time standard; (2) This understanding provides legal flexibility for women with specific medical conditions, such as PCOS sufferers or hormonal contraceptive users experiencing irregular cycles, akin to the legal precedent of Ali bin Abi Thalib r.a.; (3) Prophetic traditions deconstruct the stigma of menstruation as physical impurity; and (4) A precise definition of qurū’ protects women from the manipulation of iddah duration by husbands seeking to avoid financial support or obstruct remarriage (iḍār). In conclusion, an adaptive interpretation of qurū’ is essential to ensure legal certainty and gender justice.