Perkembangan Peradaban Islam Masa Daulah Umayyah Di Damaskus : Kajian Atas Bahasa, Administrasi Dan Arsitektur

Abstract

The Umayyad Dynasty's rule in Damascus was an important period in the development of Islamic civilization. Progress during this period was evident in Arabic language, government administration, and Islamic architecture. This study aims to examine the development of these three aspects and their roles in advancing Islamic civilization. This research uses a library research method by reviewing books, scientific journals, and historical sources related to the Umayyad Dynasty. The findings show that Arabic was widely adopted as the official language of government. In administration, the government improved the bureaucratic system and developed the diwan institutions to support state governance. Meanwhile, architectural development was marked by the construction of historical buildings, such as the Great Mosque of Damascus and the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. These three aspects made significant contributions to the further development of Islamic civilization.