Perkembangan Program Literasi Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Abstract

Reading ability is a fundamental competency that elementary school students must acquire, as it serves as the foundation for mastering various subjects and developing critical thinking skills. The School Literacy Program has been implemented as a strategic initiative to foster reading culture and improve students' literacy skills. This study aims to examine the development of the School Literacy Program in improving elementary school students' reading abilities through a Literature Review approach. The research data were obtained from scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025, collected from Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ERIC, SpringerLink, and Garuda databases. The selected literature was screened using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and analyzed through content analysis to identify key themes and synthesize previous research findings. The results indicate that the School Literacy Program has a positive impact on improving students' reading interest, reading habits, reading comprehension, vocabulary mastery, and critical thinking skills. Furthermore, the program has evolved from conventional reading habituation to the integration of digital literacy, digital libraries, electronic books, and technology-based learning media. The successful implementation of the program is influenced by teachers' competencies, school leadership, parental involvement, and the availability of literacy facilities and resources. However, several challenges remain, including low reading interest, limited reading materials, and the suboptimal use of digital technology in schools. Therefore, collaboration among the government, schools, teachers, families, and communities is essential to strengthen and sustain the School Literacy Program in order to enhance elementary school students' reading abilities.