Islamisasi Dan Transformasi Ritual Manyanggar Banua Dalam Proses Perkembangan Islam Kesultanan Banjar Abad XVIII

Abstract

This study discusses the process of Islamization and the transformation of the manyanggar banua ritual in the Banjar Sultanate during the 18th century, focusing on the social, cultural, and political dynamics in shaping the religious identity of the Banjar people. The manyanggar banua ritual is a local tradition rooted in pre-Islamic beliefs and has both religious and social functions in community life. This research uses a literature research method with a historical-descriptive approach. Data were obtained through a review of relevant scientific literature and analyzed using perspectives of cultural transformation and religious negotiation. The study shows that the Islamization of the manyanggar banua ritual occurred through three patterns: rejecting ritual elements that conflict with the principles of monotheism, adapting through reinterpretation of cultural meanings, and selectively accommodating traditional elements that could be maintained. This process is related to the role of Sheikh Muhammad Arsyad al-Banjari through religious critique in the book Tuhfah al-Raghibin, as well as the support of the Banjar Sultanate in strengthening Islamic authority. From the perspective of sociology and anthropology of religion, this transformation demonstrates that Islamization is not merely about changing beliefs, but also involves negotiations between religious teachings, cultural identity, social solidarity, and political power. Thus, the experience of the Banjar people shows how the spread of Islam interacts with local traditions in shaping religious identity without entirely losing culturally rooted elements within the society.