Resolusi Jihad 22 Oktober 1945 Sebagai Bentuk Perjuangan Ulama Dan Santri Dalam Mempertahankan Kemerdekaan Indonesia

Abstract

The Jihad Resolution of 22 October 1945 was an important event in Indonesia’s struggle to defend its independence. It emerged when the newly proclaimed republic faced the threat of renewed Dutch colonial rule, associated with the arrival of Allied forces. This article examines the background of the Jihad Resolution, the roles of ulama and santri, and its relationship with the struggle to preserve Indonesian independence. The study uses a literature-review method by examining seven journal articles concerning the Jihad Resolution, KH. Hasyim Asy’ari, Nahdlatul Ulama, and the involvement of students and pesantren communities in the independence struggle. The collected information is analyzed descriptively by grouping and comparing relevant themes across the sources. The discussion indicates that the resolution helped strengthen religious and national motivation, encouraged Muslim communities to participate in the struggle, and supported the mobilization of santri through various organizations and forms of resistance. It was one of the factors associated with the growing resistance that culminated in the Battle of Surabaya on 10 November 1945, although the battle was also shaped by broader political and military circumstances. The Jihad Resolution therefore represents an important example of the contribution of ulama and santri to Indonesia’s struggle to defend independence.